In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts.

Phonetics

Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings.

Human capacity for language has a g（）basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned.

Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language.

Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful sentences.

General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.

General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.

Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.

Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a（）linguistics.