When upgrading the IOS image,the network administrator receives the exhibited error message.What could be the cause of this error?（）

what is the disadvantage of policing？

QoS Mechanisms：問在部署QoS中要用的3個mechanisms是什么？

four switches， which one will be root switch.（no pic）.

R1 will choose which path to reach 10.1.0.0？

How should arouter that is being used in a Frame Relay network be configured to avoid split horizon issues from preventing routing updates?（）

what is the advantage of policing opposite to shaping？

如何實現(xiàn)擁塞避免？

aaa架構中哪個是要求用戶輸入用戶名和密碼？

兩ebgp鄰居發(fā)路由過來 ，哪些屬性重置？