For the following ports， which port is on every bridge in a Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802.1w network except the root bridge？（）

Which router is doing LSA type 7 to type 5 translation，and why？（）

An administrator of a peer-to-peer server application reports that the maximum bandwidth that his application receives is 90 Mb/s. You have an 8-port，100-Mb/s EtherChannel bundle on the switching infrastructure between the two servers， resulting in a bidirectional throughput of more than what is recorded. Which two solutions would allow for more bandwidth for the application？（）

Which message type is constructed and sent from an MSDP router to its MSDP peers when it  receives a PIM register message （knowing that the MSDP router is also configured as an RP for  the PIM domain）？（）

Which one of the following potential issues is eliminated by using split horizon？（）

Two directly connected routers， R1 and R2， are both configured for OSPF graceful restart. R2 is able to switch packets in hardware， but R1 is not. If a network administrator logs on to R2 and performs a system reload， which will be the result？（）

Which statement is true of a source that wants to transmit multicast traffic to group 239.1.1.1？（）

Which IOS security feature is configured by the ip inspect inspection-name {in  out} command？（）

Choose two commands that are required to enable multicast on a router， when it is known that the receivers use a specific functionality of IGMPv3.（）

You are the network administrator of a Layer 3 switched network. Users in one VLAN are complaining that access to the server VLAN is very slow from time to time. Traffic in the local VLAN works without any issue， and users in other VLANs do not have any complaint to reach the server VLAN. What is most likely the cause of this issue？（）